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\u9019\u6bb5\u5c0d\u767d\u9053\u51fa\u4e86\u9867\u554f\u548c\u59d4\u54e1\u5728\u89d2\u8272\u4e0a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7ad9\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7acb\u5834\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u7522\u751f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002<\/span>

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\u4f9d\u7167\u8077\u80fd\u7684\u51b0\u5c71\u7406\u8ad6\uff0c\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u4f86\u82e5\u81ea\u6280\u8853\u6027\u7684K(\u77e5\u8b58)\u6216S(\u6280\u80fd)\u7b49\u5916\u986f\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u5bb9\u6613\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u5167\u96b1\u5728\u51b0\u6cb3\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684A(\u614b\u5ea6)\u548cO(\u5176\u4ed6\u5167\u5728\u7279\u8cea)\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u767c\u6398\u3002<\/span>

\u7b46\u8005\u66fe\u4ee5\u5c08\u5229\u53ca\u5546\u6a19\u4e4b\u5be9\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1\u6216\u4ee3\u7406\u4eba\u4ee3\u8868\u653f\u5e9c\u6216\u5ee0\u5546\u51fa\u5ead\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u53c3\u8207\u8a34\u9858\u53ca\u884c\u653f\u8a34\u8a1f\uff0c\u57f7\u696d\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u8b93\u7b46\u8005\u5b78\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u7528\u8a9e\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u53bb\u89f8\u78b0\u7684\u5730\u5e36\u3002<\/span>

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\u6211\u5011\u7a76\u7adf\u662f\u5728\u8a55\u6838\u54c1\u8cea(Quality)\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u54c1\u7d1a(Grade)\uff1f\u8eca\u5b50\u6709\u5343\u842c\u3001\u767e\u842c\u3001\u6578\u5341\u842c\u4e0d\u540c\u54c1\u7d1a\uff0c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u54c1\u7d1a\u7684\u662f\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56\u6b0a\uff0c\u61c9\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\uff0c\u800c\u8b93\u7522\u54c1\u529f\u80fd\u8207\u7279\u6027\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u54c1\u8cea\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u61c9\u8a72\u5c0d\u6d88\u8cbb\u8005\u7684\u627f\u8afe\u3002<\/span>

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(\u4e00)\u8f14\u5c0e\u8207\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u5b9a\u4f4d<\/span>

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(\u4e8c)\u52a9\u4eba\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7279\u8cea<\/span>

1.\u4e03\u5927\u539f\u5247\u4e2d\u7684\u500b\u7368\u3001\u63a5\u7d0d\u8207\u81ea\u6c7a\u539f\u5247<\/span>
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2.\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u4e2d\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u7121\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u6027\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u6027<\/span>

\u4e00\u822c\u52a9\u4eba\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u6709\u76ca\u59d3\u3001\u7121\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u6027\u3001\u5fe0\u8aa0\u6027\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u7b49\u516d\u5927\u502b\u7406\u3002\u800cTTQS\u8a55\u6838\u4e88\u8f14\u5c0e\u6642\uff0c\u5bb9\u6613\u758f\u5ffd\u4e86\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u3001\u7121\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u3001\u516c\u6b63\u6027\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u5206\u8ff0\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/span>

(1)\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\uff1a\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u6307\u7684\u662f\u5728\u4e0d\u5f71\u97ff\u53d7\u8f14\u5c0e\u6216\u8a55\u6838\u6a5f\u69cb\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u4e0b\uff0c\u5c0a\u91cd\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u52d5\u7684\u6b0a\u5229\u3002\u9019\u9805\u539f\u5247\u5305\u542b\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u6709\u4eba\u57fa\u65bc\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u800c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4ed6\u5011\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9858\u666f\u3001\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3001\u4f7f\u547d\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u7d93\u71df\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662fTTQS\u500b\u6848\u53ea\u8981\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u601d\u60f3\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u77ed\u4e2d\u9577\u7a0b\u76ee\u6a19\u7684\u91d0\u5b9a\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002<\/span>

(2)\u7121\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\uff1a\u7121\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e00\u53e5\u8a71\u4f86\u8aaa\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u524d\u63d0\u662f\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u50b7\u5bb3\u6027\u300d\u3002TTQS\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f\u9700\u8981\u53bb\u78ba\u8a8d\u4ed6\u5011\u8f14\u5c0e\u7684\u4ecb\u5165\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u884c\u52d5\u4e0d\u6703\u53cd\u904e\u4f86\u50b7\u5bb3\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u7d93\u71df\u767c\u5c55\uff0c\u52a9\u4eba\u8005\u7684\u758f\u5ffd\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u7121\u5fc3\u7684\u4e5f\u6703\u5c0e\u81f4\u554f\u984c(\u5982\u6c92\u505a\u597d\u4fdd\u5bc6\u6216\u8005\u5efa\u8b70\u4ed6\u4eba\u66f4\u63db\u7b56\u7565\u3001\u66f4\u63db\u50f9\u503c\u3001\u66f4\u63db\u4f7f\u547d\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5f71\u97ff\u53d7\u8f14\u5c0e\u5ee0\u5546\u6539\u8b8a\u5176\u4f01\u696d\u6587\u5316\u7b49\u7b49)\u3002<\/span>

(3)\u516c\u6b63\u6027\uff1a\u516c\u6b63\u6027\u662f\u78ba\u4fdd\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u985e\u5747\u4eab\u6709\u5e73\u7b49\u5f85\u9047\u8207\u8cc7\u6e90\u7684\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3002\u5f9eTTQS\u7684\u8a55\u6838\u8f14\u5c0e\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u8a55\u6838\u6307\u6a19\u4e2d\u6709\u8a13\u7df4\u7522\u54c1\u8207\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u63a1\u8cfc\u8207\u7504\u9078\u6a19\u6e96\u4e00\u9805\uff0c\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u5c0d\u65bc\u7d93\u5e38\u63a1\u8cfc\u5916\u90e8\u8a13\u7df4\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u5ee0\u5546\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u767e\u8a13\u7df4\u7522\u54c1\u81ea\u88fd\u7684\u5ee0\u5546\u5169\u8005\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\u7684\u5c0d\u5f85\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u71df\u696d\u898f\u6a21\u5927\u5c0f\u4e0d\u7b49\uff0c\u5148\u5929\u54c1\u7d1a\u5dee\u7570\u592a\u5927\u8005\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u6709\u4e0d\u516c\u8a55\u5c0d\u5f85\u3002\u800c\u90a3\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u61c9\u8a72\u5217\u5165\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u8a13\u7df4\u6d41\u7a0b\u7ba1\u7406\u662f\u5426\u63a1\u7528\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5316\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u57fa\u65bc\u516c\u5e73\u6027\u800c\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002<\/span>

(4)\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff1a\u771f\u5be6\u662f\u6307\u8aaa\u5be6\u8a71\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5728\u52a9\u4eba\u4ee5\u53ca\u7814\u7a76\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u6703\u906d\u9022\u7684\u5169\u96e3\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6709\u5229\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u9808\u7684\u502b\u7406\u539f\u5247\u3002\u500b\u6848\u5e38\u6703\u4f9d\u8cf4\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u52a9\u4eba\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u8aa0\u5be6\u7684\u56de\u994b\uff0c\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u500b\u6848\u6210\u9577\u53ca\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\u6a5f\u6703\u3002TTQS\u7684\u8f14\u5c0e\u4e09\u6b21\u5230\u516d\u6b21\u671f\u9593\u4e5f\u672a\u5fc5\u6709\u958b\u8ab2\uff0c\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u8981\u6709TTQS\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u7e3e\u6548\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u96e3\u4ee5\u5f9e\u8b49\u64da\u4e2d\u986f\u793a\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u660e\u986f\u6548\u76ca\u8005\uff0c\u5e38\u591a\u6d41\u65bc\u73fe\u5be6\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u5305\u88dd\u53ca\u7c21\u5831\u88fd\u4f5c\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a13\u7df4\u54c1\u8cea\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5be6\u6539\u5584\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u7d00\u9304\u662f\u5426\u771f\u5be6\u6027\uff0c\u5e38\u5e38\u53c8\u5ffd\u7565\u3002TTQS\u7684\u8a55\u6838\u5206\u6578\u4ee3\u8868\u67d0\u4e00\u6642\u9ede\u8f14\u5c0e\u5f8c\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u800c\u5169\u500b\u6642\u9ede\u4e4b\u9593\u8a55\u6838\u5206\u6578\u7684\u843d\u5dee\u624d\u80fd\u89e3\u91cb\u6210\u8f14\u5c0e\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u82e5\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u7684\u6539\u8b8aTTQS\u7684\u8a55\u6838\u9b06\u56b4\u5ea6\uff0c\u6216\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u77e5\u884c\u9304\u7e8c\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u4fe1\u5ea6\u5c07\u6c38\u9060\u88ab\u8cea\u7591\u3002<\/span>


(\u4e09)\u300c\u6709\u6240\u554f\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6709\u6240\u4e0d\u554f\u300d\u7684\u754c\u7dda<\/span>

\u51e1\u5c0d\u65bc\u5448\u73fe\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8a13\u7df4\u54c1\u8cea\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u56e0\u7d20\u61c9\u8a72\u300c\u6709\u6240\u554f\u300d\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u91dd\u5c0d\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u3001\u6216\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u627f\u8fa6\u4eba\u3002\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u56e0\u70ba\u627f\u8fa6\u4eba\u54e1\u7684\u96e2\u8077\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u6240\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u57fa\u65bc\u5176\u7d93\u71df\u4e3b\u7ba1\u7570\u52d5\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7d93\u71df\u4e3b\u7ba1\u63a1\u53d6\u7684\u7d93\u71df\u7b56\u7565\u800c\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u7570\u3002<\/span>

\u56e0\u6b64\u51e1\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u7d93\u71df\u8005\u4f9d\u8077\u6b0a\u6c7a\u5b9a\u7684\u653f\u7b56\uff0c\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u6703\u554f\u4e8b\u696d\u55ae\u4f4d\u4e4b\u7372\u5229\u6a21\u5f0f\u8207\u8a13\u7df4\u9818\u57df\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u5176\u7372\u5229\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5247\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u8981\u554f\u300c\u77ed\u4e2d\u9577\u671f\u76ee\u6a19\u300d\u8207\u8a13\u7df4\u5167\u5bb9\u7684\u9023\u7d50\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u5c0d\u65bc\u300c\u77ed\u4e2d\u9577\u671f\u76ee\u6a19\u300d\u662f\u5426\u5b9a\u5408\u5b9c\uff0c\u5247\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u3002\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u4e0d\u554f\u5176\u300c\u7ba1\u7406\u98a8\u683c\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4f01\u696d\u6587\u5316\u300d\u3001\u300c\u9858\u666f\u300d\u662f\u5426\u82f1\u660e\uff0c\u53ea\u5728\u4e4e\u9019\u4e9b\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u8207\u5c0d\u8a13\u7df4\u8a08\u756b\u7522\u751f\u7684\u300c\u660e\u78ba\u6027\u300d\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span>



\u4e09\u3001\u8f14\u5c0e\u6280\u5de7\u518d\u53cd\u7701<\/span>

(\u4e00)\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9<\/span>

\u5728\u8f14\u5c0e\u5c08\u696d\u8077\u80fd\uff0c\u6216\u8a31\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a1\u7528\u6280\u8077\u6559\u80b2\u5b78\u8005\u5011\u5c0d\u6559\u5e2b\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5728\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u9ad4\u7cfb\u3001\u5c08\u696d\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u548c\u614b\u5ea6\u8207\u4fe1\u5ff5\u4e0a\u3002\u5982Shulman\uff081987\uff09\u548c\u591a\u4f4d\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u5c07\u6559\u5e2b\u5c08\u696d\u5167\u6db5\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u653e\u5728\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u5fc5\u5099\u77e5\u8b58\u4e0a\uff0c\u800cTamir\uff081990\uff09\u5247\u7279\u5225\u5c07\u300c\u77e5\u8b58\u300d\u8207\u300c\u6280\u80fd\u300d\u5206\u958b\uff0cKennedy\u548cBarnes\uff081994\uff09\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u6559\u5e2b\u50f9\u503c\u89c0\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6027\uff0cParkay\u8207Stanford\uff082000\uff09\u5247\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e00\u4f4d\u5c08\u696d\u6559\u5e2b\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u80fd\u529b\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u61c9\u6709\u53cd\u7701\u8207\u554f\u984c\u89e3\u6c7a\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u8db3\u4ee5\u52dd\u4efb\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/span>

\u672c\u6587\u6240\u8b02\u7684\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u53ef\u4ee5Shulman\u7684\u7406\u5ff5\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u4e26\u6db5\u84cb\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u614b\u5ea6\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u6559\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u80fd\u3002<\/span>

\u8212\u66fc(Shulman,1986,1987)\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u4e0b\u5217\u4e03\u9805\u6559\u5e2b\u9700\u5177\u5099\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff1a\u5b78\u79d1\u5167\u5bb9\u77e5\u8b58(content knowledge,CK)\u3001\u4e00\u822c\u6559\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58(general pedagogical knowledge,PK)\u3001\u8ab2\u7a0b\u77e5\u8b58(curriculum knowledge)\u3001\u5b78\u79d1\u6559\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58(pedagogical content knowledge,PCK)\u3001\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u7279\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8b58(knowledge of learner and their characteristics,LCK)\u3001 \u6559\u80b2\u60c5\u5883\u77e5\u8b58(knowledge of educational contexts,ECK)\u3001\u76f8\u95dc\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3001\u76ee\u7684\u3001\u50f9\u503c\u53ca\u6559\u80b2\u54f2\u5b78\u8207\u6b77\u53f2\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u77e5\u8b58(otherknowledge of educational ends, goals, purposes, values, philosophy, and history,OK)\u3002<\/span>

\u7d9c\u5408\u6240\u8ff0\uff0c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5c0d\u65bcTTQS\u696d\u52d9\u63a5\u89f8\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u4e9b\u77e5\u8b58\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u6b78\u7d0d\u70ba\u7522\u696d\u7684\u77e5\u8b58(\u5305\u542bCK)\u3001TTQS\u77e5\u8b58(PK)\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u7522\u696d\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u8f14\u5c0e\u77e5\u8b58(PCK\u548cLCK)\u3001\u500b\u5225\u5ee0\u5546\u7684\u7368\u7279\u77e5\u8b58(LCK)\u53ca\u5c08\u696d\u502b\u7406(OK)\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u73fe\u5be6\u9762\uff0c\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f\u901a\u5e38\u4f86\u81ea\u5177\u6709\u4eba\u8cc7\u80cc\u666f\u4e4b\u5c08\u5bb6\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u7522\u696d\u80cc\u666f\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u77ad\u82e5\u6307\u638c\uff0c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u5c08\u5c6c\u65bc\u8f14\u5c0e\u8077\u80fd\u7684\u9818\u57df\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u5c0a\u91cd\u7522\u696d\u9593\u5c0d\u65bc\u500b\u5225\u5ee0\u5546\u7684\u7368\u7279\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u53ca\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u7279\u6027\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u5c31\u8a72\u5169\u9805\u61c9\u6709\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u4e4b\u81ea\u6211\u8a2d\u9650\u3002<\/span>

(\u4e8c)\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u7bc4\u570d<\/span>

\u4e0b\u8868\u5448\u73fe\u5fc5\u6709\u6240\u554f\u8207\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u4e4b\u9818\u57df\uff1a<\/span>
\u5fc5\u6709\u6240\u554f \u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f<\/span>
\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f \u7522\u696d\u77e5\u8b58(\u5305\u542bCK)<\/span>
\u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58(\u5305\u542b\u8f14\u5c0e\u8207TTQS\u5169\u69cb\u9762PK)<\/span>
\u7279\u5b9a\u7522\u696d\u4e4b\u8f14\u5c0e\u77e5\u8b58(PCK)<\/span>
\u5c08\u696d\u502b\u7406(OK)<\/span>
TTQS\u77e5\u8b58(PK)<\/span>
\u8f14\u5c0e\u60c5\u5883\u77e5\u8b58(ECK) \u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u7279\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8b58(LCK)<\/span>
\u8a55\u6838\u59d4\u54e1 \u5c08\u696d\u77e5\u8b58(\u5305\u542b\u8a55\u9451\u8207TTQS\u5169\u69cb\u9762PK)<\/span>
\u5c08\u696d\u502b\u7406(OK)<\/span>
\u7522\u696d\u7684\u77e5\u8b58(\u5305\u542bCK)<\/span>
\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u7279\u6027\u7684\u77e5\u8b58(LCK)<\/span>
\u7279\u5b9a\u7522\u696d\u5167\u5bb9\u4e4b\u8f14\u5c0e\u77e5\u8b58(PCK)<\/span>
\u60c5\u5883\u77e5\u8b58(ECK)<\/span>

(\u4e09)\u5fc5\u6709\u6240\u554f\u8207\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u7a4d\u6975\u4f5c\u7528\u8207\u6d88\u6975\u4f5c\u7528<\/span>

1.\u7a4d\u6975\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u51dd\u805a\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4ecb\u5165\u4f01\u696d\u5167\u8207\u8a13\u7df4\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u6280\u8853\u77e5\u8b58\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u8a55\u6838\u59d4\u54e1\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u5fc5\u4ecb\u5165\u4e0d\u540c\u7522\u696d\u5225\u4e4b\u7522\u54c1\u6216\u670d\u52d9\u5167\u6db5\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u3001\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8003\u616e\u500b\u5225\u5ee0\u5546\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u98a8\u683c\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u53ca\u53d7\u9650\u65bc\u4f01\u696d\u898f\u6a21\u6216\u786c\u9ad4\u8a2d\u65bd\u4e4b\u5dee\u7570\u6027\u7b49\u3002<\/span>

2.\u6d88\u6975\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a\u96b1\u542b\u8457\u7d66\u4e88\u53d7\u8a55\u55ae\u4f4d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u9a45\u9664\u53d7\u8a55\u55ae\u4f4d\u64d4\u6182\u71df\u696d\u79d8\u5bc6\u7684\u5916\u6d29\uff0c\u53ca\u88ab\u6f5b\u5728\u7af6\u722d\u8005\u50b7\u5bb3\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u72c0\u6cc1\u3002<\/span>


\u56db\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u8207\u5efa\u8b70<\/span>

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\u7576\u7136\u518d\u62bd\u53d6\u539f\u5247\u4e0a\uff0c\u82e5\u4f9d\u64da\u521d\u8a55\u7684\u724c\u5225\u53ca\u516c\u53f8\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u5404\u9078\u53d6\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u63a2\u7a76\u6700\u6709\u722d\u8b70\u7684\u662f\u5728\u9580\u6abb\u908a\u7de3\uff0c\u9084\u662f\u91d1\u724c\u908a\u7de3\u3002\u6216\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u5927\u4f01\u696d\u6216\u5c0f\u4f01\u696d\u5bb9\u6613\u5f97\u5230\u8f03\u5927\u7684\u8aa4\u5dee\u3002<\/span>

(\u4e8c)\u5f9e\u4f01\u696d\u7372\u5229\u8ffd\u8e64\u6aa2\u8a0eTTQS\u8f14\u5c0e\u5236\u5ea6\u7684\u6548\u5ea6<\/span>

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\u82e5\u662f\u5c0d\u65bc\u6bcf\u5e74\u90fd\u7533\u8acb\u4eba\u63d0\u8a08\u756b\u8005\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u9577\u6642\u671fTTQS\u7684\u8a55\u6838\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u53ef\u4ee5\u627e\u5c0b\u7d93\u71df\u7e3e\u6548\u7684\u6539\u8b8a\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u8207TTQS\u5206\u6578\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\u65b9\u5411\u5177\u6709\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<\/span>

\u5982\u80fd\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u8b49\u660e\u9019\u6a23\u95dc\u4fc2\u7684\u7dca\u5bc6\u6027\uff0c\u76f8\u4fe1\u53ef\u4ee5\u8aaa\u670d\u4f01\u696d\uff0c\u81ea\u8cbb\u6216\u52a0\u78bc\u6295\u8cc7\u5728\u6559\u80b2\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u5728\u8077\u52de\u5de5\u7684\u8077\u5834\u7af6\u722d\u529b\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c07\u6703\u662f\u570b\u5167\u5e73\u5747\u85aa\u8cc7\u5411\u4e0a\u63d0\u5347\u7684\u89f8\u5a92\u3002<\/span>

(\u4e09)\u5f9e\u71b1\u8aa0\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u300c\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u300d\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u502b\u7406<\/span>

\u9019\u5e7e\u5e74\u6240\u9047\u898b\u4e0d\u5229\u65bcTTQS\u7684\u79c1\u4e0b\u98a8\u8a55\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u5c0dTTQS\u6280\u8853\u9762\u6216\u77e5\u8b58\u9762\u7684\u4e0d\u6eff\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u662f\u5c0d\u8a55\u6838\u8005\u554f\u6771\u554f\u897f\uff0c\u7522\u751f\u7684\u7591\u616e\u3002\u6216\u8005\u662fTTQS\u8ddf\u4f01\u696d\u771f\u5be6\u6210\u9577\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u8aaa\u7a7f\u4e86\u5c31\u662f\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u4fe1\u5ea6\u8207\u8f14\u5c0e\u7684\u6548\u5ea6\u3002\u672c\u6587\u4e43\u62cb\u78da\u5f15\u7389\uff0c\u65e2\u80af\u5b9a\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f\u53ca\u8a55\u6838\u59d4\u54e1\u4e4b\u71b1\u8aa0\uff0c\u4f46\u5617\u8a66\u5c0d\u65bc\u5c08\u696d\u502b\u7406\u4e2d\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u628a\u7121\u5f62\u7684\u5c3a-\u975e\u6211\u6240\u554f\u7684\u754c\u7dda\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u8b93\u8f14\u5c0e\u8207\u8a55\u6838\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u66f4\u52a0\u51f8\u986f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6e1b\u5c11\u7d66\u88ab\u8f14\u5c0e\u6216\u53d7\u8a55\u5ee0\u5546\u5e36\u4f86\u56f0\u64fe\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u6587\u7ae0\u6458\u9304\u81eaTTQS\u7db2\u7ad9<\/p>\n

\u4f5c\u8005 \u00a0\u5ed6\u662d\u660c(\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f)<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b0\u5f0f\u6a23\u667a\u6b0a\u958b\u767c\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u8463\u4e8b\u9577<\/span>
\u793e\u5718\u6cd5\u4eba\u53f0\u7063\u793e\u5340\u85dd\u8853\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u767c\u5c55\u5354\u6703\u7406\u4e8b\u9577<\/span>
\u66fe\u4efbTTQS\u8a55\u6838\u59d4\u54e1\u3001\u5354\u52a9\u4e8b\u696d\u55ae\u4f4d\u4eba\u529b\u8cc7\u6e90\u63d0\u5347\u8a08\u756b\u5be9\u67e5\u59d4\u54e1<\/span>
\u73fe\u4efbTTQS\u8f14\u5c0e\u9867\u554f<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6458\u8981 \u8077\u8a13\u5c40\u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u570b\u5167\u8a13\u7df4\u6a5f\u69cb\u53ca\u5404\u4e8b\u696d\u55ae\u4f4d\u8a13\u7df4\u54c1\u8cea\u8207\u7e3e\u6548\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e7e\u5e74\u4f86\u63a8\u52d5\u8a13\u7df4\u54c1\u8cea\u7cfb… Continue Reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4dxA5-jX","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1237"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1237"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1237\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1240,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1237\/revisions\/1240"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1237"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1237"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}