{"id":525,"date":"2009-05-27T17:58:41","date_gmt":"2009-05-27T09:58:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/?p=525"},"modified":"2009-05-27T17:58:41","modified_gmt":"2009-05-27T09:58:41","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e5%93%b2%e5%ad%b8%e7%a0%94%e8%ae%80%e5%a0%b1%e5%91%8a%e3%80%8b%e7%82%ba%e4%bd%95%e6%b2%92%e6%9c%89%e5%be%b7%e8%a1%8c%e6%95%99%e8%82%b2%e7%9a%84%e5%b0%88%e5%ae%b6%e6%95%99","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/?p=525","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u6559\u80b2\u54f2\u5b78\u7814\u8b80\u5831\u544a\u300b\u70ba\u4f55\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b \u6c5f\u59ee\u59ec\u5831\u544a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u70ba\u4f55\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u535a\u4e00 \u6c5f\u59ee\u59ec<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u58f9\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6458\u8981<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b<\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

2500<\/font><\/span>\u5e74<\/span>\u524d\uff0c<\/span>Socrates<\/font><\/span>\u8aaa\uff1a\u56e0\u70ba\u5fb7\u884c\u7121\u6cd5\u6559\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\uff1b<\/span>Protagoras<\/font><\/span>\u8aaa\uff1a\u5152\u7ae5\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u990a\u6210\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5152\u7ae5\u5b78\u6bcd\u8a9e\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u662f\u6e90\u81ea\u7236\u6bcd\u8207\u5468\u906d\u4eba\u58eb\u7684\u8eab\u6559\uff1b<\/span>2500<\/font><\/span>\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c<\/span>Gilbert Ryle<\/font><\/span>\u5247\u820a\u8abf\u91cd\u5f48\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u672a\u89e3\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u8a8d\u70ba\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c<\/span>Knowing \u2013 how<\/font><\/span>\u300d\u7684\u7df4\u7fd2\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u540c\u6642<\/span>Ryle\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u5982\u679c\u5fb7\u884c\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u7684\uff0c\u5247\u300c\u5b78\u300d\u4e5f\u50c5\u6b62\u65bc\u300c\u77e5\u9053knowing\u300d<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001Ryle\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u4e3b\u5f35<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/b><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u662f\u6307\u6b63\u76f4\u3001\u81ea\u6211\u63a7\u5236\u3001\u52e4\u52de\u3001\u9ad4\u8cbc\u3001\u8a8d\u771f\u3002Ryle \u4e3b\u5f35\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u5305\u62ec\u4e09\u7a2e\u985e\u5225\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u7bc4\u570d\uff1athe intellect\uff08\u667a\u529b\uff09, the will\uff08\u610f\u5fd7\uff09, the feelings\uff08\u611f\u89ba\uff09\uff0c\u5305\u542b\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u5169\u7a2e\uff0c\u4f46Ryle\u4e0d\u4e3b\u5f35\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u7531\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u80fd\u90fd\u662f\u57fa\u790e\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\u9019\u4e9b\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u80fd\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u597d\u8655\uff1b\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u5305\u542b\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u9053\u5fb7\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u6b64\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u6559\u80b2\u5c08\u5bb6\u898b\u89e3\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u7531\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\uff0c\u5c31\u7b97\u7531\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u6559\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u80fd\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u597d\u8655\u3002\u4ee5\u8aa0\u5be6\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u7d50\u5408\u5fb7\u884c\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u8a8d\u77e5\u5077\u6771\u897f\u4e0d\u5c0d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u53bb\u5077\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u6b64\u4e43\u6bcf\u4e00\u4eba\u90fd\u77e5\u66c9\u7684\u8a72\u5982\u4f55\u505a\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u7279\u5225\u6559\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u53e6\u985e\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u654f\u611f\u5ea6<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u4f5c\u8005\u53cd\u5c0dRyle\u7684\u4e3b\u5f35\uff0c\u5176\u7406\u7531\uff1a1.\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u77e5\u8b58\u8207\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u61c9\u8a72\u5c31\u6709\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f\u53ef\u6559\u7684\uff1b2.\u6559\u5e2b\u53ef\u4ee5\u6559\u8207\u77e5\u8b58\u53ca\u6280\u80fd\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u898b\u5fb7\u884c\u5982\u679c\u96e2\u958b<\/span><\/span>\u9053\u5fb7\u617e\u6c42\uff08Moral desire\uff09\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u6559\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u5982\u679c\u7121\u6cd5\u63a7\u5236\u5077\u7684\u6b32\u6c42\uff0c\u5c31\u7121\u6cd5\u8a8d\u77e5\u5077\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7684\u884c\u70ba\u3002\u5fb7\u884c\u9664\u4e86\u6db5\u84cbRyle\u6240\u63d0\u7684\u7bc4\u7587\u5916\uff0c<\/span>\u61c9\u8a72\u5916\u52a02\u7a2e\u7a00\u7f55\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5373\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u8207\u9053\u5fb7\u7406\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u654f\u611f\u5ea6<\/span>\u662f\u6307\u502b\u7406\u6c7a\u7b56\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5373\u4efb\u4f55\u884c\u52d5\u6642\u90fd\u601d\u8003\u5176\u5c0d\u65c1\u4eba\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5982\u601d\u8003\u5c0d\u932f\u3001\u662f\u5426\u5f15\u8d77\u5225\u4eba\u53cd\u611f\u3001\u611f\u5230\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u53d7\u58d3\u8feb\u3001\u6b67\u8996\u7b49\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u5177\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7a0b\u5ea6\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f03\u9ad4\u8cbc\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u6280\u80fd\u4e0d\u5c08\u5c6c\u65bc\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u6240\u5c08\u5c6c\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u5230\u8655\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u3001\u85dd\u5320\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u672a\u5fc5\u662f\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u4eba\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6211\u5011\u55aa\u5931\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u50cf\u82b1\u8a00\u5de7\u8a9e\u822c\u7684\u9a19\u4eba\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fb7\u884c\u5143\u7d20\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u7a2e\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u654f\u611f\u5ea6\u5373\u5931\u53bb\u5fb7\u884c<\/span><\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09<\/span>\u9053\u5fb7\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\uff08moral reasoning\uff09<\/span><\/span>\u4e0d\u662f\u61c9\u7528\u5728\u4e00\u822c\u898f\u5247\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7528\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6848\u4f8b\u5e6b\u52a9\u505a\u6c7a\u7b56\u3002\u9069\u5408\u65bc\u500b\u5225\u7684\u502b\u7406\u63a8\u7406\u3001\u502b\u7406\u614e\u601d\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u63a8\u7406\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4e00\u822c\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u9069\u5408\u601d\u8003\u7279\u6b8a\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9069\u5408\u7528\u65bc\u975e\u9053\u5fb7\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u6280\u80fd\u3002\u5176\u751f\u6d3b\u7576\u4e2d\u78b0\u5230\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u5982\u5982\u8001\u95c6\u5982\u4f55\u8b93\u54e1\u5de5\u5fc3\u6085\u8aa0\u670d\u5730\u52a0\u73ed\uff0c\u662f\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u74b0\u5883\u505a\u9ad8\u96e3\u5ea6\u7684\u6c7a\u7b56<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u76842\u9805\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u4e3b\u5f35\u6709\u5c08\u9577\u65bc\u6307\u5c0e\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u7a2e\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u5fc5\u9808\u5177\u50992\u7a2e\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u5584\u65bc\u5be6\u65bd\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u8a0e\u8ad6\u9053\u5fb7\u60c5\u5883\u7684\u5169\u96e3\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u64c5\u65bc\u5f15\u5c0e\u5b78\u751f\u61c9\u7528\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u767c\u5c55\u9053\u5fb7\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u800c\u4eca\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u6c92\u6709\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u662f\u56e0\u70ba\u6559\u5e2b\u5c0d\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5167\u6db5\u8207\u7406\u5ff5\u8a8d\u8b58\u4e0d\u5920\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u7a2e\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u63a8\u7406\u80fd\u529b\u53ef\u7d93\u7531\u8a13\u7df4\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u8cb3\u3001\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u5f97<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u529b\u884c\u793a\u7bc4\u662f\u5fc5\u8981\u524d\u63d0<\/span><\/font><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\u6211\u8d0a\u6210\u672c\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u6240\u4e3b\u5f35\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u5fc5\u9808\u5177\u5099\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u5f15\u5c0e\u5fc3\u7406\u9053\u5fb7\u904b\u52d5\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u5c08\u696d\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u6211\u4ee5\u70ba\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u61c9\u662f\u4ee5\u80fd\u8eab\u9ad4\u529b\u884c\u5be6\u8e10\u5fb7\u884c\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u70ba\u524d\u63d0\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u80fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u958b\u8eca\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u5b78\u7fd2\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5be6\u65bd\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6559\u5b78\u8981\u7d20\u4e4b\u3127\uff0c\u5247\u5fc5\u9808\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u4f9b\u5b78\u751f\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u5178\u7bc4\uff0c\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u662f\u8cac\u7121\u65c1\u8cb8\u7684\u5fb7\u884c\u5be6\u8e10\u8005\uff0c\u4e14\u5982\u679c\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5e36\u982d\u793a\u7bc4\uff0c\u5247\u4e0d\u50c5\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u4e0d\u80fd\u6709\u6548\u5be6\u65bd\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u5f62\u6210\u5fb7\u884c\u58ae\u843d\u7684\u932f\u8aa4\u793a\u7bc4\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5f9e\u5b78\u751f\u672c\u4f4d\u601d\u8003\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7bc4\u7587\u4f5c\u70ba\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u6559\u6750<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/p>\n

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 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u70ba\u4f55\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7\u884c\u6559\u80b2\u7684\u5c08\u5bb6\u6559\u5e2b   \u535a\u4e00 \u6c5f\u59ee\u59ec \u58f9\u3001\u672c\u6587\u6458\u8981 \u4e00\u3001\u6c92\u6709\u5fb7… Continue Reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4dxA5-8t","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=525"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/525\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=525"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=525"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=525"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}