{"id":657,"date":"2008-12-22T01:31:54","date_gmt":"2008-12-21T17:31:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/?p=657"},"modified":"2008-12-22T01:31:54","modified_gmt":"2008-12-21T17:31:54","slug":"%e6%b1%9f%e5%a7%ae%e5%a7%ac%e8%91%97%e4%bd%9c%ef%bc%9a%e5%b0%8f%e6%8f%90%e7%90%b4%e5%b0%8f%e5%9c%98%e9%ab%94%e6%95%99%e5%ad%b8%e7%a0%94%e7%a9%b6%e5%9b%9b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/?p=657","title":{"rendered":"\u6c5f\u59ee\u59ec\u8457\u4f5c\uff1a\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u7a76(\u56db)"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u4f0d\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u8207\u5efa\u8b70<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7d93\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5617\u8a66\u6b78\u7d0d\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5168\u9ad4\u6027\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u70ba\u907f\u514d\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u6210\u70ba\u50b3\u7d71\u500b\u5225\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7e2e\u5f71\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\u8a2d\u8a08\u90fd\u61c9\u4ee5\u5718\u9ad4\u53c3\u8207\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u6d3b\u52d5\u8a2d\u8a08\u5247\u61c9\u8457\u91cd\u65bc\u5206\u7d44\u5b78\u7fd2\u8207\u5e2b\u751f\u53ca\u5c0f\u7d44\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u5c07\u4e00\u9996\u66f2\u5b50\u5206\u6bb5\u500b\u5225\u6f14\u594f\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u7576\u4e00\u4eba\u6f14\u594f\u5168\u66f2\u6642\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u5247\u8ca0\u8cac\u9451\u8cde\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u5c07\u9451\u8cde\u5167\u5bb9\u52a0\u4ee5\u689d\u5217\u5f0f\u3001\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6709\u4eba\u8ca0\u8cac\u807d\u97f3\u6e96\u3001\u6709\u4eba\u8ca0\u8cac\u6aa2\u67e5\u5f13\u6cd5\u3001\u6709\u4eba\u8ca0\u8cac\u6aa2\u67e5\u6f14\u594f\u59ff\u52e2\uff0c\u4e00\u5247\u4fc3\u4f7f\u6f14\u594f\u8005\u5c08\u6ce8\u65bc\u6f14\u594f\uff0c\u4e8c\u5247\u63d0\u6607\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u7684\u9451\u8cde\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e09\u5247\u6559\u5e2b\u53ef\u5f9e\u4e2d\u8a55\u91cf\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u4e92\u52d5\u6559\u5b78\u8a2d\u8a08\u61c9\u53ef\u6536\u4e00\u8209\u6578\u5f97\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u529f\u6548\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u500b\u5225\u5316\u3001\u9069\u6027\u5316<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6559\u5e2b\u5fc5\u9808\u4f9d\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u500b\u4eba\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u6027\u5411\u53ca\u8208\u8da3\u8a2d\u8a08\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9054\u6210\u500b\u5225\u5316\u3001\u9069\u6027\u5316\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u4e5f\u624d\u80fd\u4f7f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u767c\u63ee\u61c9\u6709\u7684\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u5b78\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u4e00\u500b\u73ed\u7d1a\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7df4\u7434\u9032\u5ea6\u4e92\u6709\u5dee\u7570\u6642\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u591a\u9f13\u52f5\u8912\u734e\u9032\u5ea6\u8f03\u5feb\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u5916\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u9032\u5ea6\u8f03\u5feb\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u64d4\u4efb\u5f15\u5c0e\u9032\u5ea6\u7684\u706b\u8eca\u982d\uff0c\u5148\u7df4\u7fd2\u6f14\u594f\u4e0b\u4e00\u9032\u5ea6\u7684\u66f2\u76ee\uff0c\u624d\u662f\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7d66\u4e88\u5176\u4ed6\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u9069\u5ea6\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u58d3\u529b\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u4e00\u8d77\u5411\u4e0b\u6c89\u6dea\u5ef6\u7de9\u9032\u5ea6\u7684\u7a98\u5883\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u6559\u5e2b\u8a55\u91cf\u8207\u540c\u5115\u4e92\u8a55\u4e26\u884c<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6559\u5b78\u8a55\u91cf\u6d3b\u52d5\u61c9\u6559\u5e2b\u8a55\u91cf\u8207\u540c\u5115\u4e92\u8a55\u96d9\u5411\u4e26\u884c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u540c\u5115\u4e92\u8a55\u5247\u61c9\u5074\u91cd\u65bc\u53ef\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u5c0d\u8207\u932f\u4e4b\u8a55\u91cf\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6f14\u594f\u59ff\u52e2\u3001\u97f3\u6e96\u3001\u7bc0\u594f\u3001\u5f13\u6cd5\u7684\u6b63\u78ba\u8207\u5426\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5b78\u751f\u76f2\u76ee\u7684\u4e92\u70ba\u8a55\u91cf\u6210\u70ba\u8ca0\u9762\u7684\u6f5b\u5728\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u8a55\u91cf\u5247\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u91cf\u5316\u8a55\u91cf\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\uff0c\u5c0e\u5165\u7d9c\u5408\u6027\u7684\u60c5\u610f\u8a55\u91cf\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6a02\u66f2\u7684\u719f\u7df4\u5ea6\u3001\u97f3\u6a02\u7684\u6d41\u66a2\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u56db\uff09\u5152\u7ae5\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u8a2d\u8a08\u61c9\u662f\u4ee5\u5152\u7ae5\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5617\u8a66\u8b93\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u81ea\u5df1\u6311\u9078\u4e0b\u4e00\u9032\u5ea6\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u66f2\u76ee\uff0c\u6216\u662f\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u64da\u81ea\u5df1\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6240\u6b23\u8cde\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\uff0c\u6311\u9078\u9ec3\u9418\u6559\u672c\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u66f2\u76ee\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5584\u7528\u540c\u5115\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u74b0\u5883<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5728\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u82e5\u80fd\u5584\u7528\u540c\u5115\u7af6\u722d\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u5fc3\u7406\uff0c\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u6fc0\u767c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u5b78\u7fd2\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6559\u5e2b\u5b9c\u5f15\u5c0e\u70ba\u6ce8\u91cd\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u9593\u7684\u4e92\u76f8\u8a55\u9451\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u6b23\u8cde\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5b78\u7fd2\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u6307\u5c0e\u3001\u4e92\u76f8\u5c0a\u91cd\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u60e1\u6027\u7af6\u722d\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u516d\uff09\u5584\u7528\u5c0f\u7d44\u8a0e\u8ad6\u4e4b\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u5f9e\u5be6\u969b\u6559\u5b78\u7d93\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u8af8\u591a\u5718\u9ad4\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\u90fd\u5fc5\u9808\u5efa\u57fa\u65bc\u5c0f\u7d44\u8a0e\u8ad6\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c0f\u7d44\u8a0e\u8ad6\u61c9\u662f\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u5fc5\u5099\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u5fc5\u9808\u9078\u53d6\u5c0d\u5b78\u751f\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u6027\u7684\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u4e26\u4f9d\u5b78\u751f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c07\u6559\u6750\u505a\u9069\u6642\u7684\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5f15\u8d77\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5c0f\u7d44\u4e2d\u71b1\u70c8\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u8b93\u5b78\u751f\u5efa\u69cb\u61c9\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e4b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982\u958b\u653e\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6a02\u66f2\u4e2d\u540c\u4e00\u6a02\u53e5\u4e0d\u540c\u5f13\u6cd5\u8207\u4e0d\u540c\u6307\u6cd5\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u97f3\u6a02\u6548\u679c\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u6bcf\u4e00\u4eba\u4e0d\u540c\u719f\u7df4\u5ea6\u7684\u6f14\u594f\uff0c\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5728\u5bb6\u7df4\u7fd2\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e03\uff09\u5f37\u8abf\u5e2b\u751f\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u8a2d\u8a08<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u5b78\u88e1\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u5168\u6b0a\u8ca0\u8cac\u5b89\u6392\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u66f2\u76ee\u8207\u5b78\u7fd2\u5167\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u6559\u5e2b\u5247\u61c9\u76e1\u91cf\u958b\u653e\u6559\u6750\u7684\u9650\u5236\u6027\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5f9e\u9ec3\u9418\u6559\u672c\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u6559\u5e2b\u82e5\u80fd\u9069\u6642\u5f37\u5316\u6559\u6750\u66f2\u76ee\u7684\u672c\u571f\u6027\uff0c\u5247\u8f03\u80fd\u5438\u5f15\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u52d5\u6a5f\uff0c\u4e26\u53ef\u4f9b\u4e0a\u8ab2\u6210\u54e1\u4e92\u76f8\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5efa\u69cb\u6f14\u594f\u6559\u6750\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u5f62\u6210\u6559\u5e2b\u8207\u5b78\u751f\u5171\u540c\u8a2d\u8a08\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u53c3\u8207\u611f\u662f\u6fc0\u767c\u5b78\u751f\u81ea\u4e3b\u6027\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u539f\u52d5\u529b\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u4e4b\u6559\u5e2b\u6240\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u7684\u80fd\u529b<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u5f9e\u5be6\u969b\u6559\u5b78\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u4e00\u4f4d\u7a31\u8077\u7684\u5c0f\u7434\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u6240\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u9060\u6bd4\u4e00\u822c\u500b\u5225\u8ab2\u7684\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u5e2b\u4f86\u5f97\u8907\u96dc\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u61c9\u5fc5\u5099\u4e4b\u689d\u4ef6\u5247\u53ef\u5f9e\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8207\u6559\u5b78\u5169\u65b9\u9762\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff1a<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u6559\u5b78\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

1.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u9700\u4e86\u89e3\u5718\u9ad4\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e00\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u500b\u5225\u72c0\u6cc1\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u91dd\u5c0d\u500b\u5225\u72c0\u6cc1\u8a2d\u8a08\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u500b\u5225\u5316\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

2.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u80fd\u4f9d\u64da\u5b78\u751f\u500b\u5225\u9069\u6027\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b78\u7fd2\u9032\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e26\u85c9\u7531\u4e92\u76f8\u7af6\u722d\u8207\u4e92\u76f8\u9f13\u52f5\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u7b56\u7565\uff0c\u767c\u63ee\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

3.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u5177\u6709\u826f\u597d\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8207\u5bb6\u9577\u53ca\u5b78\u751f\u505a\u826f\u6027\u4e92\u52d5\uff0c\u89e3\u6c7a\u5b78\u7fd2\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

4.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u719f\u6089\u5404\u7a2e\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u7528\u300c\u5408\u4f5c\u5b78\u7fd2\u300d\u8a2d\u8a08\u5206\u7d44\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff1b\u5982\u4f55\u904b\u7528\u300c\u7cbe\u719f\u5b78\u7fd2\u6cd5\u300d\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u7cbe\u719f\u65bc\u6a02\u66f2\u6f14\u594f\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u5718\u9ad4\u4e92\u52d5\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

5.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u5b78\u990a\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u80fd\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u4ee5\u5152\u7ae5\u70ba\u672c\u4f4d\u9069\u6642\u5206\u89e3\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u5de7\uff0c\u4e26\u5be6\u8e10\u65bc\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u3002<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

6.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u4e86\u89e3\u5b78\u751f\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u6559\u80b2\u89c0\uff0c\u5be6\u65bd\u5e2b\u751f\u4e92\u70ba\u4e3b\u9ad4\uff0c\u5e2b\u751f\u5171\u540c\u8a2d\u8a08\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5728\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\u9054\u6210\u500b\u5225\u5316\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u8ab2\u7a0b\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

1.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u70ba\u53d6\u5411\uff0c\u9806\u61c9\u5b78\u751f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u7c4c\u7d44\u4e0d\u540c\u578b\u5f0f\u7684\u73ed\u7d1a\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

2.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u4ee5\u5b78\u751f\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u70ba\u5b78\u751f\u7d44\u7e54\u5177\u6709\u570b\u969b\u6027\u3001\u672c\u571f\u6027\u8207\u591a\u5143\u6587\u5316\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6559\u6750\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

3.<\/span>\u6559\u5e2b\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u6709\u95dc\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u5c08\u696d\u6559\u6750\u6559\u6cd5\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u9069\u6642\u904b\u7528\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u5b78\u751f\u672c\u4f4d\u7684\u8ab2\u7a0b\u7d44\u7e54\u8207\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u672a\u4f86\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u5efa\u8b70<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u7b46\u8005\u500b\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u6240\u7814\u7a76\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u73ed\u7d1a\u4eba\u6578<\/span>3<\/span>\u5728<\/span>6<\/span>\u4eba\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u6bd4\u4e00\u5c0d\u4e00\u7684\u500b\u5225\u6559\u5b78\u4eba\u6578\u70ba\u591a\uff0c\u4e14\u6210\u672c\u8f03\u4f4e\u3001\u7d93\u6fdf\u6548\u76ca\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u4e00\u73ed\u7d04<\/span>30<\/span>\u81f3<\/span>35<\/span>\u4eba\u7684\u73ed\u7d1a\u4e2d\u5ee3\u6cdb\u5be6\u65bd\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u666e\u53ca\u6027\u4ecd\u5acc\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u82e5\u8981\u5c07\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u64f4\u5927\u70ba\u5927\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u5fc5\u9808\u91dd\u5c0d\u5169\u65b9\u9762\u518d\u9032\u884c\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u6559\u5e2b\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u61c9\u5c07\u73ed\u7d1a\u5b78\u751f\u4eba\u6578\u63d0\u6607\u5230\u81f3\u5c11<\/span>10<\/span>\u4eba\u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u6240\u8b02\u5927\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u7b56\u7565\u63a2\u7a76\uff0c\u5c0b\u6c42\u7a81\u7834\u6559\u5b78\u6280\u8853\uff1b\u4e8c\u662f\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u9805\u6a02\u5668\u6216\u4e0d\u540c\u9805\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u9032\u884c\u5408\u4f5c\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u5c07\u6b64\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u64f4\u5c55\u70ba\u8f03\u5927\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u6216\u751a\u81f3\u5efa\u7acb\u4e0d\u540c\u9805\u6a02\u5668\u7684\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u6b64\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u5ee3\u70ba\u63a8\u5ee3\uff0c\u4e26\u671f\u76fc\u5c07\u4f86\u80fd\u5728\u5b78\u6821\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6709\u6548\u63a8\u5ee3\uff0c\u97f3\u6a02\u6559\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u9054\u6210\uff0c\u5426\u5247\u76ee\u524d\u5b78\u6821\u4e2d\u7684\u97f3\u6a02\u8ab2\u7a0b\u9084\u662f\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u6f14\u5531\u6559\u5b78\u70ba\u4e3b\u6d41\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u5bb6\u9577\u8a2a\u8ac7\u7576\u4e2d\u5f97\u77e5\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u7fa4\u6027\u5316\u3001\u793e\u6703\u5316\u8207\u4eba\u6027\u5316\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5b78\u751f\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u78ba\u5177\u6709\u5438\u5f15\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5bb6\u9577\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u901a\u9ede\u662f\u300c\u90fd\u662f\u6975\u70ba\u95dc\u5fc3\u5b78\u751f\u5b78\u7fd2\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\u300d\uff0c\u624d\u6703\u9001\u5b69\u5b50\u4f86\u5b78\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u63db\u70ba\u5176\u4ed6\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u5bb6\u9577\uff0c\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u60c5\u6cc1\u662f\u5426\u4f9d\u7136\u71b1\u7d61\uff0c\u5247\u662f\u6709\u5f85\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u96d6\u7136\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u884c\u52d5\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4f4d\u5b78\u751f\u90fd\u56e0\u559c\u6b61\u4f86\u4e0a\u8ab2\uff0c\u800c\u6301\u7e8c\u5b78\u7434\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4ecd\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5177\u9ad4\u8a55\u9451\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u7a0b\u5ea6\u662f\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u4e2d\u7d1a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216\u662f\u582a\u7a31\u8207\u500b\u5225\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u7684\u597d\u5b78\u751f\u76f8\u6bd4\u64ec\uff0c\u5247\u7121\u6cd5\u5177\u9ad4\u5f97\u77e5\uff0c\u6545\u5efa\u8b70\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u52a0\u5f37\u5408\u4f5c\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u61c9\u52a0\u5f37\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u8a8d\u77e5\u3001\u6280\u80fd\u8207\u60c5\u610f\u7684\u8a55\u91cf\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u78ba\u5be6\u5f97\u77e5\u672c\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u4e4b\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\u662f\u5426\u771f\u6b63\u9054\u6210\u500b\u5225\u5316\u7684\u6f14\u594f\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u7b46\u8005\u5728\u6b64\u4e00\u6559\u5b78\u884c\u52d5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u96d6\u7136\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u63a1\u7528\u9ec3\u9418\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u7684\u300c\u9ec3\u9418\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u672c\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u91d1\u525b\u73ed\u53ca\u83ab\u672d\u7279\u73ed\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\uff0c\u90fd\u56e0\u6559\u5b78\u4e0a\u7684\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165\u88dc\u5145\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u91d1\u525b\u73ed\u7684\u6559\u6750\u5df2\u6f14\u8b8a\u6210\u9ec3\u9418\u6559\u672c\u50c5\u662f\u8f14\u52a9\u6559\u6750\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7b46\u8005\u4ee5\u70ba\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u5e2b\u4e0d\u9700\u62d8\u6ce5\u65bc\u4e00\u9805\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u6216\u4e00\u7a2e\u6559\u672c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u61c9\u719f\u6089\u6559\u80b2\u4e0a\u7684\u5404\u7a2e\u6559\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f49\u5316\u904b\u7528\u65bc\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u60c5\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u4f4d\u7a31\u8077\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6559\u5e2b\u9664\u4e86\u61c9\u5177\u6709\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u6280\u80fd\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u66f4\u61c9\u5177\u5099\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u77e5\u80fd\uff0c\u80fd\u4f9d\u5b78\u751f\u7fa4\u9ad4\u53ca\u500b\u5225\u7684\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u9069\u7576\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u4f7f\u5b78\u751f\u5728\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u4e2d\u9054\u6210\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e0c\u671b\u5f9e\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u5efa\u7acb\uff0c\u64f4\u5c55\u7bc4\u7587\u70ba\u6240\u6709\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u9032\u800c\u8f49\u5316\u904b\u7528\u65bc\u4e2d\u5c0f\u5b78\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u85dd\u8853\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u4e4b\u97f3\u6a02\u6559\u5b78\uff0c\u4ee5\u9054\u6210\u97f3\u6a02\u8ab2\u7a0b\u4e2d\u666e\u53ca\u6a02\u5668\u6f14\u594f\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u76ee\u6a19\u3002<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u4e2d\u6587\u90e8\u4efd<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

\u6797\u5bf6\u5c71\uff08\u6c11<\/span>77<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u500b\u5225\u5316\u6559\u5b78\u4e4b\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u969b\uff0d\u51f1\u52d2\u6559\u5b78\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u4e94\u5357\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u6797\u5bf6\u5c71\uff08\u6c11<\/span>79<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u6559\u5b78\u8ad6\uff0d\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u4e94\u5357\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u6d2a\u842c\u9686\uff08\u6c11<\/span>84<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u5f26\u6a02\u6df7\u5408\u5f0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u7a76<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u570b\u79d1\u6703\u7814\u7a76\u5831\u544a\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\uff1a<\/span>http:\/\/140.111.1.65\/secretary\/e2008\/2008-e1.htm<\/span><\/strong><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u9ec3\u8f14\u68e0\uff08\u6c11<\/span>88<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8207\u5be6\u8e10<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5927\u5442\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u9ec3\u8f14\u68e0\uff08\u6c11<\/span>91<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u9ec3\u9418\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u672c<\/span><\/strong>\u3002\u53f0\u5357\uff1a\u9ec3\u9418\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u6559\u5b78\u6cd5\u7e3d\u90e8\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u6b50\u7528\u751f\uff08\u6c11<\/span>85<\/span>\uff09\u3002<\/span>\u8ab2\u7a0b\u8207\u6559\u5b78\u9769\u65b0<\/span><\/strong>\uff08\u9801<\/span>300-313<\/span>\uff09\u3002\u53f0\u5317\uff1a\u5e2b\u5927\u66f8\u82d1\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u5916\u6587\u90e8\u4efd<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Auer, Leopold (1926). Graded course of violin playing<\/em><\/strong>.<\/em> Carl Fischer Inc. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Auer, Leopold (1980). Violin playing as I teach it.<\/em><\/strong> NY<\/span>\uff1a<\/span>Dover Publications, Inc.<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

Bronstein, Raphael (1981). The science of violin playing.<\/em><\/strong> Paganiniana Pub, Inc.2nd<\/sup> edi.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Fletcher, P. (1989). Education and music.<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>Oxford University Press.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Gagn\u00e8, R. M., Briggs, L. J., Wager, W. W. (1992). Principles of instructional design.<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Hengchi, Liao (1988). An examination of four current teaching edition of Vivaldi\u2019s violin solo concerto op,12 no.1. differences form and similarities to the Ricordi edition based on the original Vivaldi\u2019s score will be noted.<\/em> <\/strong>unpublished paper<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Havas, K., Landsman, J. (1981). Freedom to play a string class teaching method.<\/em><\/strong> New York City, NY: ABI\/Alexander Broude, Inc.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Keene, James A. (1982). A history of music education in the United States.<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>Trustees Dartmouth College.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Reimer, Bennett (1997). Music education in the twenty-first century.  <\/span>Music Education Journal, Nov.<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Rolland, P. & Johnson, S. (1971). Young strings in action.<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>Boosey & Hawkes, Inc.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Schwarz, Boris (1983). Great masters of the violin.<\/em><\/strong> Simon & Schuster, Inc.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Star, William (1976). The Suzuki violinist , Knoxville, Tennessee<\/strong><\/em>.<\/strong> Kingstone Ellis Press.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Suzuki, Shinichi (1955). The Suzuki violin school. Vol.1-10.<\/i><\/strong> <\/i>Princeton, NJ: Birch Tree Group Ltd.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Suzuki, Shinichi (1968). Duets for two violins.<\/i><\/strong> <\/i>Princeton, NJ: Birch Tree Group Ltd.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Swanwick, Keith (1999). Teaching music musically.<\/em><\/strong> Routledge. <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

vanMersbergen, Larry (2001). Effective elementary teaching. American String Teacher, 51<\/em><\/strong>(3), 47<\/span>\u3002<\/span><\/font><\/font><\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u9304\u5f71\u5e36<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Rolland String Research Associates (1971). The String Series.<\/em><\/strong><\/font><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/font>\u56db\u3001\u9644\u9304\u8b5c\u4f8b<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n


<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/font><\/font>An Action Research of Violin Playing<\/strong><\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

in Small Group Teaching <\/font><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Heng-chi Chiang<\/font><\/span>*<\/font><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/font><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The importance of individualized instruction was found from the action research of violin small group teaching. The individualized instruction in violin small group teaching should hence be emphasized.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

The first part of this paper is collection of information about the beginning of violin group teaching in the end of 19th<\/sup> century. The publication of varied violin, or strings, playing textbooks, and the varied violin pedagogy were all influenced by the violin group teaching.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Using the method of observation and interview with students\u2019 parents, this study analyzed the instruction principle of violin small group teaching and the basic requirements for being the small group violin teachers.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Suggestions for large group violin instruction and use of heterogeneous musical instruments will be provided.<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

Key words<\/span><\/span>\uff1a<\/span>violin, group teaching, individualized instruction, instrumental teaching, music education<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/font><\/span><\/p>\n


<\/p>\n
\n<\/font><\/p>\n
\n

*<\/font><\/span><\/span><\/a> Heng-chi Chiang: Lecturer, Department of Music Education, National Taipei Teachers College<\/font><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u4f0d\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u8207\u5efa\u8b70 \u7d93\u7531\u4ee5\u4e0a\u4e4b\u5206\u6790\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u7b46\u8005\u5617\u8a66\u6b78\u7d0d\u5c0f\u63d0\u7434\u5c0f\u5718\u9ad4\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u6559\u5b78\u539f\u5247\u3002 \u4e00… Continue Reading →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4dxA5-aB","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=657"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/657\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=657"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=657"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/blog.ndsc.tw\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=657"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}